Create recipes with varieties of curry base

What to cook today? This is everyday's question to everyone who is cooking for the family or self.

I am sharing few simple and innovative ideas for you to create the varieties of the tastes and styles. These curry experiment to your cooking may bring the change in your routine menu or help you creating your new recipe schedule.

All three of my family members have no food allergy, and that's why I used the various curry bases to create the varieties of recipes using limited vegetable or other vegitarian options such as tofu, cottage cheese (paneer) or soya chunks, or steamed besan (chickpea powder) chunks and so on

I use many vegetables such as cauliflower, eggplant, potatoes, tomatoes, beans, pumpkin, okra, raw papaya, raw banana, cabbage, capsicum etc. and all the following curry based can be used for them. However, I do not use them with green veggies or broccoli.

Based on my experiments, I created the various curry bases. You can use one of following curry options to create your curry. I use 2 teaspoon of any one of options mentioned below for cooking a small bowl of curry for one person. You can reduce or increase the quantity of the curry base depending on your preference of thickness or richness of your curry. This option simply can be used along with your 5 basic spices i.e. turmeric powder, chili powder, cumin power, coriander powder and home made garam masala (mixes spices). I prefer to roast cumin seeds, coriander seeds or whole garam masala separately on low flame and grind it into powder that I store in glass jar and use it on daily basis.

1. Onion paste: Please chop onion and grind it into paste and fry it in the hot oil along with 1/4 tea spoon of ginger and 1/4 tea spoon of garlic paste before you add spices while frying. It will improve the taste. Later you can add your veggies and water and cook.

2. Onion + tomato Paste: Please chop and grind onion and tomatoes separately. I usually fry onion paste along with 1/4 tea spoon of ginger and 1/4 tea spoon of garlic paste, add spices and later I add tomato paste and cook. once the tomatoes are cooked (in 2-3 min), I add vegetables and water, and cook it util all veggies are done.

3. Poppy Seed Paste: Poppy seed paste is very popular in Bengali and Bihari cooking. Please grind poopy seeds into fine powder. You can add couple of spoons of water (or more as needed) and grind it and again repeat this until you turn it into a fine paste. You can add half a cup of water  to dilute the paste and strain it and used the strained poppy seed paste for curry. Please add this poppy seed paste towards end of cooking. I usually add when the vegetable are cooked. After adding the poppy seed paste, you may cook it for two to three minutes to thicken the curry before turning off the gas burner.

4. Mustard Paste: Please select yellow mustard seeds for making mustard paste. Simply grind it into fine powder and add little water and again grind it into fine paste. You can half cup of  water to dilute the paste and strain it and use the strained mustard paste for cooking. I add mustard paste to the half cooked vegetables and cook it for four to six minutes before turning off the gas burner. Little cooking helps to create nice curry. Please remember that mustard has sharp taste, so avoid adding additional spices. only 1 green chili and turmeric powder would complement the mustard curry. And recommend to avoid other all spices if you can. This is Bengal specialty.

5. Cashew Paste: You can soak 4-5 cashew nuts for 30 min and grind into fine paste and use it for cooking.

Please add this cashew paste towards end of cooking. I usually add this paste to into vegetables when they are almost cooked and cook it further for three minutes more before turning off the gas burner. For richer and creamer taste, you can add one to two tea spoons of whipped cream just one minute before turning off the gas. Please do not cook whipped cream longer or the cream will disintegrate.

6. Whipped Cream: You can create a quick party recipe using whipped cream. You will get it in any supermarket as most of the dairy manufacturing companies sell it. I use Anchor brand. You can cook your mixed vegetable (I use frozen carrot, peas and beans) and cook it with little extra spices (chilli powder, turmeric powder and Garam masala and salt). When the vegetables are cooked (after 7 to 8 minutes) I add 5- 6 spoons of whipped cream and half a spoon of sugar. Just stir it, and cook it for another 30 sec and turn off the gas burner. This is your creamy, spicy and weet mixed vegetable that can be served with plain Basmati rice or Indian fried rice.

7. Coconut Milk: You can use the mixed vegetables (cauliflower, small green eggplant, potatoes, pumpkin and peas (optional), carrot substituted with coconut milk. Can optionally add 2 spoons of grated fresh coconut to your curry. This is south Indian or Thai style curry. Please tamper mustard seeds and curry leaves as it will bring additional a flavor to your curry.

Rice and Chickpea Powder for Curry

8. Peanut powder: You can roast and make coarse grinder powder that can be used as curry base or for other cooking. I use 2-3 spoons of roasted peanut powder along with spices and cook the vegetables. You can create another variation by adding dry coconut powder. This taste good with basic spices. This is popular Maharashtrian style and used in stuffed eggplant.

9. Chickpea powder: I use 2 spoons of roasted dalwa or Sattu as curry base. In case Dalwa or Sattu is not available, you can use roasted chickpea powder (besan) while adding spices and fry them together with vegetable and add water and cook together. I usually add tomato to it once all the spices are fried and cook before adding my vegetable. This is healthy and tasty curry option.

Please ensure that you roast the chickpea powder (besan) on low flame until besan turns light golden color or you will have uneven powder with raw, burnt besan and the burnt one will taste bitter.

10. Roasted rice powder: You can wash and roast rice. once it cools down, you can grind it into powder. This powder taste good with coconut milk and can be used as a curry base. This is popular in Sri Lankan style.

11. Hot and Sour curry: Just add chopped tomatoes and tamarind paste (as per your choice and taste) or half tea spoon of raw mango powder. Hot and Sour curry. You can add sugar if you like.

Black Masala or Spice Curry

12. Black Masala (Black Spice): you can cut the dry coconut into small pieces and chop onion. Take little oil and fry 1cloves and 2 black pepper and 1 dry red chili together. Later fry dry coconut pieces and chopped onion. Please fry them separately. Once all the ingredients are cool down, you can grind them together into paste. This is ready to use spice that can be fried in two spoonful of hot oil and fry it further for a minute on low flame. Please add turmeric powder and chili powder as you prefer and salt and cook your vegetables or cooked soya chucks (or chicken or mutton). This is black masala popular in Kolhapur region in Maharashtra. You can add other species as you prefer.

13. Plain Yogurt: plain yogurt is simply great in taste as it adds richness to curry and reduces sharpness of spices. You can mix it with any of the above curry base, except whipped cream and coconut milk at the end of the cooking. Please remember to beat the yogurt in bowl with egg beater to bring the consistency before adding it to the curry. Please do not cook more than 2 min.

14. Green Curry: we can use fresh coriander leaves, ginger, green cilili and fresh coconut to make green curry. Please grind all these ingredients into green paste. You can use this paste along with 1/4 spoon of turmeric powder to create green curry. I don't add any other spices as it ruins taste of the fresh herbs. This is better curry base is best if you are steaming vegetables or fish in banana leaf. This is Parsi style, similar to Patranu Macchi.

Please note: If you are using additional black pepper or reducing curry base paste/powder, please ensure to reduce red chili powder as well or it will be very spicy to handle.#Curry #IndianCooking #VegitarianCooking, #food, #lifestyle, #culture, #HealthyFood, #Health, #cuisine #Recipe #InnovativeDinner #PartyMenu #SandhyaJane #SecondSpring #BusinessAnalysis #Life

A life of NRI (non resident Indian) spouse: Opportunities and Challenges

This blog I wrote after I watched Tanu Weds Manu Returns....the movie projected a lonely life of lady who married to NRI so realistically...

Living in London or New York or Sydney isn't all that rosy or what you see in the movie....NRIs, especially their spouses face lonely life abroad which is a fact unfortunately. Many women find it difficult especially those who grew up in joint family system or large friends circle or busy social life in India...

All that glitter is not gold...the life outside India is full of uncertainty as jobs, visa and lack of supports makes it more stressful. During initial days, most have to go through visa hassles and obtaining their permanent residency status that may take up to 7-10 years depends on the country they live in and the category of labor applications.

So the key is - how to cope up with lonely life during initial days of marriage when you have not started your family. Here are few tips for you to make it better and brighter –

Professional Education: If you wish to pursue your career and you need specialized or professional education, you can plan for the same. It would be best investment at early stage to jumpstart to your professional career. This planning must be done before you plan for your kid(s) as it would be extremely difficult, but not impossible to continue with additional responsibilities. A dependent spouse can study part time in university by taking 6 credit hours (2 classes) per semester without having to change the visa in most countries. If you could take average 6-7 classes in 4 semester, you can complete your master’s degree within two years.

Take up a Job: If the local government permits you to work, you can take up a job. The most common website for this is 'indeed.com'. All you need to do it is - enter job/role and location, it will fetch the data from relevant websites and compile the results for you. You can register for the job alerts using by providing by signing up on indeed.

Increase Your Social Life: This is bit tricky as bigger social life may not always result into happiness, so try and find like minded friends to form an active social circle.  The easy way to do is to become a member of Facebook group, meet-up group or what’s up group to find your interest group with whom you can meet occasionally to socialize for different reasons.

Craigslist is quite popular in USA for finding activity partners...

Most of the major cities in the world have Indian diaspora that arranges festival or gathering on Diwali, Navratri, Durga Puja, Holi and so on...

Holy Celebration on Hong Kong Beach

Hobby: If you are not serious about your career or wish to start something different, try to check if you can get back to your hobby that you always wanted to pursue. It will keep you busy and happy. If you are really passionate about it, you can earn money through your hobby by selling your creations such as knitwear, pottery, paintings and freelance writing.

Another form of hobbies are attending paining exhibitions, operas and concerts in your city. 

Taiwan Eye, famous Opera Theater in Taiwan

Activity: The adventurous activities not only help you to boost your mood, but also help you stay fit. There are many social clubs or meetup groups or Facebook groups who arrange hiking, trekking, surfing or sailings. You need not worry about buying a boat as you can hire it at reasonable cost.

The types of activities are barbecues parties over the weekend with friends and family...

Most of these activities are suitable for kids. You may involve and introduce these activities to your kids at early age to generate an interest. This would be nice way to connect family members well over the weekends. 

Famous Treks in Hong Kong

Barbecue over the weekend in Tai Tam Dam

Internet TV: First thing you need to do is check if your TV package is 'good' for you. Nothing can substitute TV programs to fill-in your time. There are many internet TV service providers who offer annual subscription at competitive price. They include Indian as well as global TV channels. Most of these TV channels have 'movies' sections that offer excellent collections.

You can complement that with google or other internet shopping for movies and other things...

Reading: Most of the cities have city library for free or membership in affordable cost. You can spend time, to read, to discuss the topics or to make friends something that makes you happy...or join reading club to keep yourself content.

Connecting with your family: These days international calls are cheaper or free due to 'what's up' and free skype, but, remember that not everyone in India is free to chat endlessly over the phone as they too have their own life/commitments...so don't be offended if your friends or family members are not available to chat with you.

Social Work: There are plenty of social or community work options available. You can volunteer to keep yourself occupied in meaningful way. Many communities have annual program planned and mentioned in their office. Sometime you may not be able participate on regular basis. You can check them out as it would provide you an option to regular participations. 

Hanuman Carnival - Community program in Hong Kong

Spouse and his role: You can’t bother your bother for your loneliness as he/she would be much more stressed with job and visa related issues...allow your spouse to work/live peacefully... 

There could be more on your plate at home in absence of maid or helper as you may have to do the daily chores. You may be able to hire part time or weekend basis in US, UK or Australia, but their services are very expensive, except in Hong Kong, Singapore and middle east...where you have an option for live-in helpers at affordable cost. 

So, be prepared to face all the reality abroad and create your own world...Life is what you make it. 

Women's Life in America: by Rebecca Billy

This is part of the comments and discussion we had on Quora lately when one of my answers on relationship started getting noticed. I am copying all her comments without modifying, so you can get original thoughts in comprehensive manner. 

"Studies done in the U.S. quite recently have shown that, despite people's expectations for marriage (i.e., that childrearing and household chores will be split equitably), after marriage, it is much the same as it used to be, and women are bearing the brunt of these chores. This is mostly the case among younger people, actually, despite the fact that they are perceived a being more outspoken about equality of the sexes.

My generation, those who married 20+ years ago, actually have been shown to divide household duties more equitably than the current generation of young couples.

So, just in this one small way, we see that what is perceived by others can be very different from what is beneath the surface. When harmful behavior and attitudes are hidden, it can be very harmful, especially when it leads to people denying a problem even exists.

There is often much misunderstanding between cultures, because people--while very different in how they express themselves on the surface--may be much the same underneath. Diversity is part of what makes people so interesting, but human nature seems to come in a fairly consistent mix of good and bad. They just find expression in different ways.

The area of the U.S. in which I live is known for its tight-knit communities and close family connections. Except for cases when there has been abuse or trauma, people tend to stay very close to their parents and grandparents and of course their cousins and uncles. But we are still American, so independence is highly valued as well. I know that some Indians cannot understand how someone can leave home at 18, work to put themselves through college, and struggle to establish themselves in a career on their own--don't our parents love us? And, too, the fact that our parents don't often come to live with us, even when old--don't we love our parents? Now that is obviously not the way it works for everyone--it is increasingly more common for young adults to live with their parents after finishing high school, especially, and many people do move in with their children if they start to become frail. But most families do not want to live together like that. Struggling on one's own as a young adult is traditionally seen as a rite of passage, and many older adults prefer to move into a retirement community than to live with their children and grandchildren. Parents who are comfortable financially often contribute to their childrens' education; adult children who can afford to often help their parents with expenses and chores. But people overall are not expected to establish a career or have a good invome before getting married and/or raising a family, so couples often marry much younger than they do in India, and even in other parts of the United States. We do have, for the time being, a workable system of benefits for senior citizens, and people who did not have to invest heavily into their childrens' education may have plenty of money set aside for a comfortable retirement.

I suppose the best way to describe it is that, by and large, people here do not want anyone to do for them what they can do for themselves. That does not mean that people don't help one another, especially families, merely that it is not expected. My mother lives alone in a town not to far from me. Although she and I are not particularly close (which is unusual enough that few of my friends and acquaintances understand it), she is quite close to my youngest sister. They visit one another at least two to three times a week; my mother often babysit my nieces, my brother-in-law mows my mother's yard, etc. A nephew of mine is often doing outdoor chores for my mother. But the thing is, to my mother this issue preferable to living with any of her children. I sometimes suggest that she consider selling her house and property and moving in town near to us, as I know her property and house are a lot of work for her, but she will probably stay there, living alone, until she is no longer able to.

I can well understand how difficult it must be to change a system wherein the older generation is dependent upon the younger. Particularly if you have the burden of providing for your parents while also trying to minimize future dependence upon your own children. And I know that in situations like that, the greatest part of the burden often falls upon women.

Of course all families are different, but the farther South you go and the farther you get from large cities, the more tightly-knit families tend to become. I have much respect for Indian family structure and in some ways I think that I relate better to the sense of family responsibility than I do to some of my more Northern friends in America. We are a pretty diverse lot.

One very sad thing about American television and movies is that because it is so focused on portraying young, pretty people, the older generation is often left out, and it gives the impression that there are no close families in this country. People do not always live close to one another, but--while we may not be close in the same way--I think in our hearts there is still much the same feeling of family obligation and care, that kind of complex mix of wanting to honor your parents and wanting to be true to yourself. It is perhaps less obvious.

Around here we always joke that if you come to visit, people will always try to feed you, and once you've eaten together at the same table, you're probably going to be considered a little like family. In our community, when someone has a death in their family, people cook for them, and come to their home to do chores, and bring them tissues. In other places in America, this behavior might seem intrusive, but here people have very strong connections to one another."

written by - Rebecca Billy

Food is for living, for relishing, and for healing

Food is for living, for relishing, and for healing....just don't consider one dimension of it and feel either depressed or euphoric about it.

What we eat?
Eat Fresh - Local fruits and vegetables, i.e. anything that grows within 50 km, are suitable for our bodies. Nature decides what is good for our bodies based on the climate and the same is grown in that climate. For example, wheat is grown in Northern India, which is relatively colder than Central or Southern India, where Jawar is popular. Wheat keeps the body warm while Jawar keeps the body cool.

Eat Local - Bali Lunch during Bali trip

Or anything your family is used to for years. For example, an Indian eating Indian food/spices in North America is perfectly fine, as their genes are used to digesting the food. But local food must be used as a part of the diet to balance the body with the local climate.

Only fresh fruits (after cleaning and removing the pesticide residues, if any) are suitable for consumption.

Vegetables must be consumed in semi-cooked or fully cooked form. Raw vegetable are difficult to digest. However, vegetable juice is good enough to consume during mid-morning or late evening. But avoid fruits juice, as it is loaded with calories.

Body Constitution - Eat what suits your body, depending on your body frame (small, medium, or large) and the genes that you carry. If you are from Kerala, you can eat coconut oil, as your body is carrying a gene that is used to it for generations. That should be fine. Individuals may have different body types (vata, kapha, pitta) and they can select food depending on what suits the body.

Profession: Eat food based on your profession, as every profession needs different calories, depending on the physical or mental activities involved in their daily professional life. Foods such as okra and ghee are suitable for intellectual work and foods such as chana, lentils, and other form of protein are more for manual jobs. However, all the food grown locally must be consumed in moderate form as everybody needs proteins and other nutrition in a moderate quantity that will help to cover the deficiency.

Eating light

Combination of Foods - Every food has unique properties and Ph value. Eat what is compatible with other food; for example, avoid milk and sour food or fruits.

When you should eat?

Quality and quantity are both important in deciding what to eat. Decide how much quantity you need depending on your lifestyle and body.

The right quantity of food is considered what keeps you full for 3-4 hours. If you are hungry within 3 hours, you have eaten less than required. If you are NOT hungry after 4 hours of eating your meal, you have overeaten. Light food such as juice, fruits, or snacks may make you feel hungry faster in comparison to dal/lentils or meat with rice/chapatti. This will tell you exactly how much your body needs, as everybody has different needs.

However, ensure you are hungry and that is a sign that your previous meal has been digested. Do not mistake thirst for hunger. Therefore, take a glass of water 30 minutes before your meal to activate your digestive juices and to determine if you are hungry.

Light Dinner at Wild Fire, Hong Kong

Set a Routine - Create a schedule for your meal, so that your body gets used to expecting food at that time. It is healthy and healing when you eat at fixed timings. Lunch could be an exception once in a while, but breakfast and dinner must have fixed times. It should become a natural cycle. You can start with 8 a.m. and end with 8 p.m. If you feel hungry after 8 p.m., you may take a light snack, such as yogurt or milk or fruits after 8 p.m.

Food Type: Every food, such as oil, sweetness, spice, carbohydrate, and savory is necessary for the body in moderate quantity. Everybody must eat all these tastes - it makes you feel satisfied and content.

Chakali - Homemade snack in moderate quantity

After sunset, avoid solid food except fruits.

If possible, office-going people can try to take a light dinner at 5 before leaving the office and eat light snacks or fruits or milk after 7 anytime.

How to eat food?

Follow the 5 Ps rule.

Food with nature at Taipei 

Positive: Prayers are a good way to start the meal, as they generate positive thoughts and environment for the meal. They also convey the gratitude of having food and good life.

Peace: Eat peacefully, otherwise the negative thoughts will impact on digestion and absorption of the food.

Pace: Eat slow and steady. The average meal should take 20-30 minutes. The brain take 15-20 minutes to register the food in the stomach in terms of quantity - full or not full.

Prepare your 5 senses: When you spend a few seconds around your food, you will enjoy the aroma and sight that activates your hunger pangs. Spend those precious seconds before you eat your food. Eat with your hand (touching the food) and it also tells you the temperature of the food, connects your mind and body to present a state for coordination, and gives you a sense of positive feeling before you consume it.

Position: Please sit down in comfortable position without TV, phone, or any other form of distractions.

At the end, the most important factor is to avoid drinking water during the meal. You can take water 30 minutes before the meal or it will either wash away your gastric juices that are required for digestion or 30 minutes after the meal or else it will reduce the digestive power.



#ayurveda, #meal, #food, #breakfast, #dinner, #lunch, #happiness, #healing, #living, #howtoeat, #whentoeatfood #whattoeat #hinduism, #sandhyajane,

Sanskrit shlokas on 'mother' on Mother's Day!

Here are few lovely Sanskrit shloka on MOTHER to share with you on Mother's Day! This will help us realize how we treated or expected to be treated 'mother' and 'women' in our society during ancient days.

1. आयु: पुमान् यश: स्वर्ग कीर्ति पुण्यं बलं श्रियं ।
    पशु सुखं धनं धान्यं प्राप्नुयान्मातृ वन्दनात् ।।

A man who serve mother truthfully will be blessed with long life, success, haven, fame, Laxmi, wealth, cattle, food grain, and everything.


2. जननि जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसि

After Ravana's defeat, lord Rama said to Laxman, "Own Mother and birthplace are beautiful and greater than haven."
When Laxman, younger brother of Rama asked Lord Rama to acquire the kingdom (Sri-Lanka) after they had defeated and killed Ravana in the war, Lord Rama advised him to hand over the kingdom to Bibhishan, Ravana's younger brother, a rightful king as it was his mother land and Bibhishan inherited it after his elder brother's death. We must respect others' land or wealth (or women) without thinking of acquiring it in anyway.

3. मातृपितृकृताभ्यासो गुणितामेति बालकः ।
    न गर्भच्युतिमात्रेण पुत्रो भवति पण्डितः ।।

Indian mother and father insist on studies so that their child gain adequate knowledge and skill to lead a respectable life. There is a saying - a king is respected within his kingdom, but a knowledgeable person is respected everywhere.

4. मातृवत परदारेषु परद्रव्येषु लोष्टवत्। आत्मवत् सर्वभूतेषु यः पश्यति स पंडितः।।

A noble people treat and respect all the women (except his own wife) as mothers. They consider others' wealth as dust and have no intention of acquiring it in anyway. In addition, they also treat and love every living-being or creature and cause no harm to them in anyway.

5. माता मित्रं पिता चेति स्वभावात् त्रतयं हितम् |
    कार्यकारणतश्चान्ये भवन्ति हितबुद्धय: ||

Mother, father and friends are the only people who are interested in your well-being in real way. Thinking of 'good' about you is part of their nature and they do it without any condition or expectation or personal gain. So, value them as others in your life may have business/professional relationship based on certain spoken or unspoken terms and condition/benefits.

6. आदौ माता गुरौ पत्नी ब्राह्मणी राजपत्निका
    धेनुर्धात्री तथा प्रथ्वी सप्तैता मातरः स्मृतः

The ancient Indian tradition teaches us to respect our own mother first, then others in following order - teacher's wife (a brahmin lady), a queen, a cow, a foster mother and the mother earth.  We consider them as MOTHER and respect them at par...

7. मातृदेवीम नमस्तुभ्यं मम जन्मदात्रिम त्वम् नमो नमः ।
    बाल्यकाले मां पालन कृत्वा मातृकाभ्यो त्वम् नमाम्यहम ॥

I salute my mother who gave me birth; I also salute my other mothers (women) who added knowledge and wisdom to my actions and life to make me a good human being.

8. मातृ देवो भव् पितृ देवो भव्
    आचार्य देवो भव्, अतिथि देवो भव्

Let you be one who worships mother, father, teachers and guests as 'God'.

When we study our ancient scripture, we realize that there is profound respect given to mother and women in general. So, read the original scripture to know yourself.

Mother's Day

Read 2 Win - Second Spring by Sandhya Jane

This "Read 2 Win" Contest"

Simply buy the book and win the contest by sending a picture, order id and one line quote at - book.promoter1@gmail.com



SECOND SPRING by Sandhya Jane








#secondspring #sandhyajane

Brahmagupta's contribution to Mathematics

Against the popular perception, I would say that none including Aryabhat has invented ‘zero’ because the concept of ‘zero’ was always part of our life in different way academically or professionally since the origin of the universe.

Brahagupata’s major contribution to modern science and technology was - how to use zero in mathematical calculations that is used as base to calculate every field. He has formed the set of rules in the mathematics for positive and negative number in addition to forming the rules for using zeros in calculations and that has become the basis of mathematics and rest of the field including economics, finance, physics, chemistry, astronomy and so on…

Brahmagupta was born in 598 CE and died in c. 670. He lived in during king Vyagrahamukha in Bhillamala (modern Bhinmal) a capital of Gurjaradesa Chapa dynasty, one of the largesst kingdoms of Western India in parts of southern Rajasthan and Northern Gujarat.

He studied 5 traditional siddhantas in Brahmapaska in one of top schools for the astronomy during those days.

He also studied his predecessors’ (Aryabhata I, Latadeva, Pradyumna, Varahamihira, Simha, Srisena, Vijayanandin and Vishnuchandra) work to continue their research work. His rules of zero is in continuation of Aryabhata I ‘s work.

Brahmagupta gave the solution of the general linear in chapter eighteen of Brahmasphutasiddhanta,

bx + c = dx + e equivalent to x =< (e−c) / (b-d)


In chapter eighteen of Brahmasphutasiddhanta, Brahmagupta describes operations on negative numbers. He first describes addition and subtraction,

18.30 (Additions)

· 3 + 4 = 7 (a positive number)

· -3 + (-4) = -7 (a negative number)

· -3 + 4 = 1 (positive number)

· 3 + (-4) = -1 (negative number)

· -3 + 3 = 0 (zero when both positive and negative numbers are same)

· -3 + 0 = -3 (negative number)

· 3 + 0 = 3 (positive number)

· 0 + 0 = 0 (no difference)

18.32 (subtractions)

· -3 – 0 = -3 (negative number)

· 3 – 0 = 3 (positive number)

· 0 - 0 = 0 (no difference)

· 3 - (-4) = -1 (negative number is added)

· -3 – 4 = - 7 (negative number is added)

18.33(Multiplication)

· 3 * - 4 = - 12 (one negative and one positive product becomes negative number)

· 3 * - 4 = 12 (two negative becomes positive)

· 3 * 0 = 0 (any number multiplied with zero is zero)

18.34 (Division)

·     3
     ----  = 1 (positive number)
      3

·    - 3
       ----  = 1 (positive number)
      -3

·    0
    ---  = 0 (zero)
     0

·     3
     --- = -1
     -3

·      -3
      ---  = -1
       3

·    √0   =  0

·    0 square   = 0

·    0
    ----
     0

·    3
    ---- = undefined
     0

Except the last definition of zero, we use all his rules in the modern mathematics.

Watch out this space for part II on his other contributions in calculating complex mathematical formulas.

References:

Brahmagupta (598–668)," Department of Mathematics, Simon Fraser University (British Columbia, Canada), http;//www.math.sfu.ca/histmath/India/7thCenturyAD/Brahmagupta.html (February 17, 2006).

"Brahmagupta (ca. 598–ca. 665)," Wolfram Research, http://www.scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Brahmagupta.html (February 17, 2006).

"Brahmagupta," School of Mathematics and Statistics, St. Andrews University, http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/∼history/Mathematicians/Brahmagupta.html (February 17, 2006).

"Brahmagupta," Vidyapatha, http://www.vidyapatha.com/scientists/brahmagupta.php (February 17, 2006).

http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Brahmagupta.aspx

Exotic raw banana recipe - Kanchakalar Khosha bata and Kanchakalar kofta Curry

This an exotic recipe from Bengal using raw banana. You can use banana skin and banana to make two recipes as both banana and skins are loaded with nutrition and brings health benefits. Both the recipes are easy to make and sure to satisfy your taste buds... :)

Kanchakalar Khosha bata (raw banana chutney) and Kanchakalar (raw banana) kofta curry. for 4

Basic preparations
- 2 raw banana
- 2 medium potato 

Cut both the ends of the banana and wash it well
- Boil separately these raw banana with skin and potatoes 
- Remove the skin of soft boiled banana for making Kanchakalar Khosha bata (raw banana chutney)
- Use the raw boiled banana and boiled potatoes for making Kanchakalar (raw banana) kofta curry.
- Save the water once you take and use it for cooking. It is loaded with nutrition.

Kanchakalar Khosha
Ingredients:
- 2 boiled raw banana skins as mentioned above
- Ginger as per you taste
- Green or red fresh chilies as per taste
- Salt 
For Saute'
- 1 tea spoon mustard oil 
- 1/2 tea spoon Kilonji 
- 2 red dry chili

Preparations:
- grind banana skin + ginger + salt + green chili + add little left over water after boiling the banana. Make little watery paste

- sauté the paste with mustard oil + Kilonji + red dry chili and allow it to cook for a min to let the fragrance of oil and spice get into the paste. 


Kanchakalar Khosha Bata is ready

----
Banana Kofta Curry
- 2 boiled raw banana + 2 medium boil potatoes as mentioned above
- ginger 
- 2 cloves garlic 
- green or red fresh chilies as per your taste
- 2 red dry chilies
- 1 tomato
- 1 tea spoon garam masala
- red chili powder (optional)
- 7-8 almonds
- half bowl chopped onion
- 3-4 spoon flour 
- chopped coriander leaves 
- mustard oil for cooking

Preparations:
For banana kofta or pattice
- Mash boiled banana + boiled potato in equal quantity 
- Add chopped onion + green chili + coriander leaves + salt and + 3-4 spoon all purpose flour + add left over water after boiling banana and make small pattice.
- Shallow fry these pattice in regular oil
- Soak 7-8 almonds and remove the skin. 
- Make a paste of soaked almonds.
- Make a paste of 1 tomato + small ginger + green or red fresh chili
- Heat oil and add black paper + bay leaf + 2-3 chopped garlic in the oil and fry
- Add tomatoes paste + turmeric powder + red chili (if you want really spicy or skip it) + Garam masala + salt and cook for a minute
- Add left over water after boiling banana + hot water, if require + almond paste and cook
- When all cooked, just add fried pattice and cook for a min.

Kanchakalar kofta Curry is ready.

Don't glorify suicide; just glorify heroism

Glorifying the Suicide: It is tragic loss of life when ‪#‎PratyushaBanerjee‬ made a decision (or pushed into). However, she was responsible for it when other options were also available to her. Instead of fighting, she chose to flight...This is not a decision that can be rectified once made. Life is precious, god given and expected to make it meaningful. 

Friends and family knew (who are now talking on TV) are equally responsible along with her boyfriend as they could have provided better support system for her to get out of bad relationship. I wonder if the 'false ego' or 'extreme pride' makes a person inhumane that teaches to boost only success and avoid talking about issues/failures, then it is useless. We are failing to create the support system for our close friends and family to confide their fears, failure, issues in their lives. 

Respect the Life...this message would be more appropriate than glorifying the suicide. Otherwise, nonsense 24/7 senseless coverage would do more harm to the society than good to encourage a weak person to take such route. 

Although Hema Malini said correctly, "One must come out of odds & emerge successfully, not succumb under pressure. The world admire fighter, not loser", her last part was bit harsh as none knew the reality what a person went through to take such drastic decision. But, definitely she is right on - Be A Fighter.

Every person faces 'ups and downs' in life and we learn from public figure how they face the setbacks gracefully and emerge as winner. I remember Amitabh Bacchan's interview with Simi Garewal where he was talking about transition from superhero to character role and his life before 'kaun banega crorepati' and they way he narrated was so humbling, intense and inspiring. This teaches how successful people face the downfall and rise again in their life...

When we learn how to become successful, why we forget to learn how to face setbacks...

Fight, don't Flight...

#life #suicide #love #career #fight #inspiration #success 

Second Spring by Sandhya Jane: A Reader's view

This is an extensive analysis about "Second Spring" written by Ankita Chauhan. 

INTRO 

When I took a first glance of this book, literally I thought “Second Spring” is nothing but another love story that makes you travel a bit into dreamy land and ends with some obvious happy ending. But here author surprised me this book is lot more than just a love story. Not only you enjoy every bit of it plus you learn from every twist and turns of its protagonist life.

STRUCTURE 

Basically it is a story of a single mother, Avantika who is bold and beautiful in every aspect of life. She always believed in “not to lean on others shoulder” but when she met Rohan Rana she felt a sudden urge towards him due to his innocence. She got confused first but later on the connection been made. Though the feeling was mutual yet their relation couldn’t work out and they separated. 

No matter how much you try feelings take time to overcome. Avantika was trying to get over that pain with some spiritual learning and she accomplished it… suddenly Rohan reappeared and how things changed..? 

NARRATION 

Here I want to say that I admired the way Author narrated the whole story. The way she creates scenes is stupendous. While reading the whole image was in front of my eyes.. it was like a smooth journey where I met few interesting characters which made me realize about balance in life through their experiences. 

CORE 

Sometimes you don’t want to read just to get more stories, you read because you want to enjoy their little lovely or dark moments. If you feel the same, this book is for you cause author tried to create a whole life in front of us, you feel their pain, you smile with their happy moments. So I loved the book. Must say it is a healthy one but you couldn’t stop once you get started reading it. 

Generally we can’t take interest or we don’t have that much power to perceive what is happening behind the lighted glimmering world of corporate. This book is passage for you to know about their personal life. How they face challenges when it comes to relation. 

Source:

http://soundingwords.blogspot.hk/2016/02/book-review-second-spring-by-sandhya.html

Second Spring - READER’S MOMENT

This is copied from Ankita Chauhan's Blog

• Love in Life is never a battle of 'win' or 'loss' but a journey of unconditional acceptance.” 
• Love has a tendency to go out of the window when promises go awry, reality sets in, and responsibilities take over.
• Women are emotional and proud creatures. They need to be respected and cherished in a relationship or else things don’t work out. 
• Life comes with no guarantees. Who knows whether the next day’s sun will dawn at all? Best to savor everything right now. 
• I loved the anonymity that a mega city brought to my life. Nobody cared who you were or what you did, you were just a speck in the crowd. 
• Loving someone selflessly would mean praying for his or her happiness whether you are part of that happiness or not.
• If you love until it hurts, there can be no more hurt. Once we cross the deepest part of hurt, it doesn’t hurt anymore. You become part of the eternal journey of love… no hurt, no worries, and one just prays for the wellbeing of other person —that’s true love for you. Innumerable poets and philosophers throughout history have tried to figure it out— partially or incompletely. Love is a destined journey. 
• Perfect maturity is to understand why your loved one did what they did, although their actions hurt you, hurting them back is not an option. 

Overall, It’s an light hearted fiction, If you want to spend a beautiful weekend. Go For it.

http://soundingwords.blogspot.hk/2016/02/book-review-second-spring-by-sandhya.html